Europium Production

Europium is recovered by reduction of Eu_{2O3 by lanthanum in vacuum or in argon atmosphere at 1200°C as well as electrolyzing EuCl3. Europium extraction from rare earth elements mixture is based on reduction in chloride solutions by zinc, amalgams, or electrolyzing until Eu(II) with further sulphate precipitation, converted then to oxalate and after that in Eu2O3.}